P

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Pacific (See also Pacific Northwest)

      angel leaves n • Pacific coast

      Arkie n • chiefly West, esp Pacific

      arrowwood n g • Pacific

      baby blue-eyes n pl • chiefly Pacific

      batten n • scattered, but esp Pacific (MAP)

      bear claw n • chiefly West, esp Pacific (MAP)

      *billfold n • widespread, but least freq in NEast, Pacific (MAP)

      bindle stiff n • scattered, but esp Pacific States

      black ice n 2 • chiefly NEast, Rocky Mts and Pacific, esp WA, Oregon

      blueblossom n • Pacific, esp CA

      bluenose n 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific

      boss adj • scattered but esp in urban areas of Nth, N Midl, Pacific

      buckaroo n • chiefly West, esp Pacific

      bull of the woods n 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      butter clam n • Pacific Coast

      California jay n • Pacific

      candlefish n • Pacific

      canyon oak n 1 • Pacific

      chaparral broom n • chiefly Pacific

      chicken halibut n • chiefly Pacific

      Chinese croaker n • Pacific coast

      Chinese mallard n • Pacific

      coffee tree n 2 • chiefly Pacific

      compie n • Pacific, esp CA

      corvina n e • Pacific coast

      *covered-dish meal n • widespread exc Pacific, Upper MW, WI, MI (MAP)

      creamcups n 1 • Pacific

      crevalle n a • esp S Atl, but also Pacific coast

      cultus cod n • Pacific coast

      divvy v • widespread, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      dobe n 3 • SW, Pacific (MAP)

      *doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)

      elfin forest n • Pacific

      fall salmon n • Pacific

      feather n B9 • chiefly Nth, Pacific

      flat n2 1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      fogweed n • Pacific

      forget-me-not n 1d • Pacific

      frog n B2 • chiefly NEast, N Cent, Pacific (MAP)

      gaper n • Pacific Coast

      geoduck n 1 • Pacific coast, esp WA

      *grandpa n A4 • scattered, but less freq N Atl, Pacific (MAP)

      grass n 1 • chiefly NEast, Pacific (MAP)

      gray goose n 2 • chiefly Pacific

      green cod n 2 • Pacific coast

      *grubworm n 1 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)

      *Guinea n1 5 • widespread exc NEast, Pacific (MAP)

      *gully washer n • widespread exc NEng, less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      gyppo n • chiefly NW, Pacific

      hard-shell clam n 2 • Pacific

      *hog n B1a • widespread, but least freq Pacific, NEast

      hooter n 1 • Pacific

      horse mackerel n 10 • Pacific

      hull n B1 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      hyacinth n 1 • Pacific

      *icing n 1 • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)

      icky adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      Indian lettuce n 3 • chiefly Pacific

      Indian pond lily n • Pacific

      Indian potato n e • Pacific

      killdeer n 1 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, SW, Pacific (MAP)

      king salmon n • Pacific, AK

      laundry tray n • esp Pacific

      *lightning bug n • widespread, but slightly less freq Nth, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)

      littleneck n 2 • Pacific

      *loft n 1 • widespread, but freq Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      *median (strip) n 1a • widespread exc Pacific, Rocky Mts, LA, MS (MAP)

      midshipman n • chiefly Pacific coast

      minnow n B2c • Pacific coast

      *molasses n C1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      monkey face n 1 • esp Pacific

      mountain dandelion n • Rocky Mts, Pacific

      mud wasp n • chiefly NEast; also Inland Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP and Map Section)

      mush n1 1 • widespread, but esp Pacific (MAP)

      nievitas n • Pacific

      no-see-um n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      Okie n • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)

      old-man-in-the-spring n • Pacific

      Ole Ole Olson all in free exclam • chiefly N Cent, Pacific; also NEast (MAP)

      peewee n1 3 • esp Pacific

      perch n1 B5 • Pacific

      pestle parsnip n • Pacific

      *picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)

      Piker n1 • chiefly Pacific Coast, esp CA

      pit n2 1b • widespread, but somewhat more freq Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      pit n2 1c • chiefly Inland Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      pogy n 4 • Pacific

      *poison ivy n 1 • widespread, but less freq Pacific (MAP)

      poison larkspur n • chiefly Pacific

      porgy n1 5 • Pacific

      post oak n 2 • Pacific

      quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)

      rattlesnake grass n 4 • esp NW, Pacific

      red snapper n 2 • AK, Pacific

      *ridge roll n • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, Pacific (MAP)

      rock cockle n • Pacific

      rope n • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      ryegrass n 2 • esp Pacific

      sage hen n1 • Pacific, Rocky Mts

      sap v 2 • esp Pacific (MAP)

      Scandihoovian n, adj • chiefly Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)

      scorpion n B4 • Pacific

      sea perch n d • Pacific

      shank’s pony n • chiefly N Cent, Pacific (MAP)

      sheepherder n • chiefly Rocky Mts, Pacific

      silversides n 3 • chiefly Pacific

      slug n 2 • Pacific

      split pea soup n • chiefly Nth, Pacific (MAP)

      spot back(s) exclam • Pacific

      to adv C2 • chiefly Nth, esp NEast; also Pacific (MAP)

      Toonerville trolley n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      tule n 1 • chiefly Pacific (esp CA), SW

      tule n 2 • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)

      tule wren n • Pacific

      whoop n C2 • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Pacific (MAP)

      wood tick n 1 • scattered, but esp freq Nth, N Midl, Rocky Mts, Pacific; also W Midl (MAP)

      wop n1 1 • widespread, but esp freq NEast, Pacific (MAP)

      *woven wire n • widespread, but less freq Atl coast, Gulf States, SW, Pacific (MAP)

      Yid n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Pacific (MAP)

      *zinnia n (pronc) • widespread, but less freq Nth, Pacific |ˈzinjə|

Pacific Northwest (See also Northwest)

      Alaska pine n • Pacific NW

      Alaska robin n • Pacific NW

      ape n 2 • Pacific NW

      appleknocker n 5 • Pacific NW

      arch n 5 • West, esp Pacific NW

      avalanche lily n • Pacific NW

      bed n B3 • chiefly Pacific NW

      bed v 1 • now chiefly Pacific NW

      bight n 2 • chiefly Pacific NW

      boiler n1 3 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW

      boil up v phr • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW

      boomer n1 2 • chiefly Pacific NW

      brow log n • Pacific NW

      bucker n2 1 • Nthn logging areas, esp Pacific NW

      bull bucker n • chiefly Pacific NW

      bull fuck n • Pacific NW

      bull of the woods n 1 • chiefly Nth, Pacific NW

      candyflower n • Pacific NW

      candystick n 2 • Pacific NW

      candy wagon n • Pacific NW

      chaser n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW

      chatterbox n • chiefly Pacific NW

      cheechako n • AK, Pacific NW

      China lettuce n • Pacific NW

      chinook salmon n • chiefly Pacific NW

      choker n 1 • Nth, esp Pacific NW

      clam gun n • chiefly Pacific NW

      codfish n1 • Pacific NW

      Columbia River salmon n • Pacific NW

      Columbia River smelt n • Pacific NW

      corkscrew n • Pacific NW

      cous n • Pacific NW

      cow cockle n • chiefly Plains States, Pacific NW

      crawfish v 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Pacific NW (MAP)

      crummy n 2 • chiefly Pacific NW

      cuitan n • Pacific NW

      cultus adj • Pacific NW

      deerhorn n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW

      deer-tongue n 3 • Pacific NW

      donkey n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW

      duff n 4 • NEast, Pacific NW

      eulachon n • Pacific NW

      fairy lantern n 2 • CA, Pacific NW

      faller n • chiefly Pacific NW; less freq Upper MW, NEng

      fernhopper n • Pacific NW

      fish wheel n • Pacific NW, AK

      four-five-six n • Pacific NW

      goose pen n • Pacific NW

      grass widow n 3 • chiefly AK, Pacific NW

      gray jay n • esp Rocky Mts, Pacific NW

      ground cedar n 2 • chiefly NEast, Pacific NW, AK

      gut wrapper n • chiefly Pacific NW

      high climber n • chiefly Pacific NW

      holdback n • Pacific NW

      hooker n1 2 • chiefly Pacific NW

      hoopid salmon n • chiefly Pacific NW

      icta n • Pacific NW, AK

      Indian peach n 2 • Pacific NW

      Indian plum n 2 • Pacific NW

      Indian rice n 3 • Pacific NW, AK

      Indian thistle n 2 • CA, Pacific NW

      jill poke v • Pacific NW

      kick v B5 • Pacific NW (MAP)

      killapie adj, n • Pacific NW

      klootchman n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK

      lace flower n 2 • Pacific NW, AK

      lamb’s tongue n 1 • chiefly Pacific NW

      land otter n • esp AK, Pacific NW

      larch n 2 • Pacific NW

      locie n • Nth, esp Pacific NW

      long butt n • esp Pacific NW

      main line n 1 • Pacific NW

      memaloose adj, n • Pacific NW

      mountain balm n 3 • esp Pacific NW

      mountain bunchgrass n 1 • Pacific NW

      Norski n • chiefly MI, WI, Upper MW, Pacific NW (MAP)

      periwinkle n2 2 • chiefly Pacific NW, CA

      pole road n 2b • Pacific NW

      potlatch n • chiefly Pacific NW, AK

      potlatch v • Pacific NW, AK

      Puget Sound pine n • Pacific NW

      puncher n 3 • Pacific NW

      redside n 1 • Pacific NW

      road donkey n • Pacific NW

      Sasquatch n • Pacific NW

      serviceberry n • chiefly S Midl, Pacific NW, Rocky Mts (MAP)

      shallon n • chiefly Pacific NW

      short log n • Pacific NW

      sic ’em, not to know v phr • chiefly Inland Nth, esp Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW (MAP)

      side n2 1 • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW

      sidehill n 2d • Pacific NW

      sinker n 3 • chiefly Pacific NW

      skibby n • chiefly CA, Pacific NW

      skid road n • chiefly Pacific NW

      smell-leaves n • Pacific NW

      snoose n1 • chiefly Pacific NW, Rocky Mts, Upper MW, WI (MAP)

      soreback adj • esp Pacific NW

      spar tree n • chiefly Pacific NW

      springboard n • chiefly Pacific NW

      spring salmon n • esp Pacific NW

      squaw hitch n 2 • Pacific NW

      stump ranch n • Pacific NW

      sugar bowl(s) n • chiefly Pacific NW

      Swede n 2b • chiefly Nth, esp Pacific NW

      tail hold n 2 • Pacific NW

      timber beast n • Nth, esp Pacific NW

      tin pants n pl • chiefly Pacific NW

      turn n 1b • esp Pacific NW

      tyee n 1 • Pacific NW

      wapato n • Pacific NW

      whistle punk n • chiefly Pacific NW

      yard n • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW

      yard v • chiefly NEng, Pacific NW

      yarder n 2 • Pacific NW

      yellow bells n 1 • esp Pacific NW

Paiute

      pogonip n • [Paiute]

      sego lily n • [Paiute sego..]

Palm Beach See Florida, Palm Beach

patronizing

      critter n B3 • patronizing

Pennsylvania

      aftergrass n • chiefly neME, nPA, and settlement areas

      after night adv phr • chiefly PA

      all adj2 • chiefly PA, also N Cent (MAP)

      all anymore adj phr • PA, NJ

      already adv B1 • chiefly sePA and other Ger settlement areas

      Amish preaching soup n • PA, OH, and other Amish settlement areas

      apee n • PA

      baby coach n • chiefly ePA, sNJ, DE, MD (MAP)

      backsie adj • ?chiefly PA

      bag v 1 • chiefly PA, esp Philadelphia area, and sNJ

      bank barn n • chiefly PA, OH, MD, VA, IN (MAP)

      barn burner n 1 • chiefly PA, sNJ, MD (MAP)

      bauchgot n • sePA

      be v C2b • chiefly NEng, NY, nPA; also Sth, esp eVA, eNC

      bealed ppl adj • chiefly Appalachians, esp wPA (MAP)

      bee v • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA

      belling vbl n2 • now chiefly wPA, WV, OH, IN, MI (MAP)

      belly-bumper n, adv, v 1 • chiefly sNEng, PA (MAP)

      belly-gut n, v, adv 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, PA (MAP)

      belsnickeling pres pple, vbl n • Ger settlement areas, esp PA

      berm n 3 • chiefly PA, OH, IN, WV (MAP)

      black-bumper n • chiefly eOH, wPA

      bluebottle n 2 • esp PA

      boogey lice n • sePA

      bube n • Ger settlement areas in PA, IL

      bube lice n • PA

      buckleback n, adv • sePA

      bull band n • chiefly wMD, sePA

      bull-in-the-ring n 1 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)

      *bundle n B1 • widespread exc wMD, sPA, WV (MAP)

      burned hazel n • sePA

      butty n1 • esp PA

      byo n1 • PA

      carbon oil n • chiefly swPA

      caretaker n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      cat shit n • chiefly PA, NJ, NY (MAP)

      catty n1 1 • chiefly MD, NJ, NY, PA (MAP)

      chair n (pronc) • Sth and S Midl, scattered in PA, NEng

      chicken corn soup n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      chinch n3 • chiefly ePA

      chip n1 3 • PA

      cluck adj • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW

      cluck n 1 • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)

      cluck v • Nth, esp PA, WI, Upper MW

      coconut strip n • chiefly PA

      cook turnips v phr • chiefly PA

      cornerball n • esp PA

      corn pudding n • scattered, but esp PA, VA, KY (MAP)

      cracky wagon n • esp PA, WV

      creamed cabbage n • esp PA

      crimp v 3 • chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)

      crimper n • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA, NY (MAP)

      cripple n1 • eNY, ePA, NJ

      dearborn n • formerly widespread, now chiefly sePA, nMD, DE

      deck sheaf n • PA

      diamond n B1 • PA

      dickey n2 1 • chiefly NY, PA

      dipsy n • PA

      doc n 1 • chiefly PA, NY (MAP)

      doggie n 2 • esp PA

      doodle n1 1 • chiefly IN, OH, PA (MAP)

      dornick n 1a • formerly more widespread; now esp N Cent, PA (MAP)

      dough tray n • scattered, but esp PA

      dress v 4 • PA, wMD

      dressing n 4 • chiefly PA (MAP)

      drought n A5 (pronc) • esp wPA

      duck on davy n • chiefly NJ, PA, IN

      Dunker n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA

      Dutch n 4 • chiefly PA

      elbedritsch n • sePA (MAP)

      esel n • esp PA

      fag n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, CA

      faggot n • scattered, but esp NY, PA

      farm for (the) half v phr • chiefly PA

      fastnacht n • chiefly PA

      file n2 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA

      file v1 • chiefly NY, NJ, PA

      firebug n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, PA (MAP)

      flatland plow n • NY, nPA

      flitch n 1 • chiefly PA (MAP)

      flitting n • chiefly PA

      fly n2 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)

      food n (pronc) • wPA, sNY, nNJ

      for prep C2 • chiefly PA

      *frigidaire n • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, PA, West (MAP)

      funeral pie n • PA

      fuss-button n • chiefly PA, N Cent, Upper MW (MAP)

      gay adj 1 • esp PA

      get awake v phr • chiefly PA (MAP)

      gooney n 4 • esp PA, NY

      goshawk n • esp PA, NY, NJ

      goshawk n 1 • now chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)

      grinnie n 1 • chiefly N Midl, esp wPA

      ground cellar n • esp PA

      ground chippy n 1 • esp PA

      ground hackee n • esp csPA

      gum band n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      gummy adj • esp PA

      half farmer n • PA

      hap n • chiefly PA

      hasenpfeffer n • chiefly ePA (MAP)

      hay flat n • PA

      hay hole n 1 • chiefly Nth, Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      hide-and-seek n A • PA

      hisser n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      hit it v phr 1 • scattered, but esp PA, MD, DE

      hoagie n • chiefly PA, NJ, but becoming more widely recognized (MAP and Map Section)

      hokey-pokey n1 • scattered, but esp PA

      hook school v phr • esp MD, PA, VA

      horning n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp Upstate NY, nPA (MAP)

      hot beans n • esp MD, NJ, PA

      housing n3 • PA

      hutch n1 1 • PA

      ice tag n2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      ivy poison n • esp PA

      Jabib n • NJ, sePA

      jag v1 • esp PA

      jagger n1 b • chiefly PA

      jag-off n • esp PA

      Jenny Lind n • esp PA

      Jewish pickle n • esp PA, NJ, NY (MAP)

      jouk v1 • esp PA

      jumbo n 3 • swPA

      Juneberry n 1 • chiefly MI, MN, WI; also PA (MAP)

      kittly-bender n • esp MA, PA

      knepp n pl • chiefly PA (MAP)

      kuchen n • Ger settlement areas, esp N Cent, PA (MAP)

      laugh n B2 • chiefly sePA

      lay low sheepie n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)

      lazy wife (bean) n • scattered, but esp PA

      leave out v phr 2 • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp PA

      let v C • chiefly Ger settlement areas, esp sePA

      little n C2 • Ger settlement areas, esp PA, WI

      little Sally Water(s) n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)

      liver-grown adj • chiefly sAppalachians, PA

      long-fingered adj • chiefly Gt Lakes, PA (MAP)

      Lucy Bowles n • scattered, but esp PA, NJ, seNY (MAP)

      make down v phr 3 • chiefly PA

      marrowfat (bean) n • chiefly nNJ, NY, PA (MAP)

      me adj b • esp NJ, ePA

      median (strip) n 1b • chiefly PA, sNJ; also HI (MAP)

      metzel soup n • chiefly sePA

      Mick n 2 • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)

      mischief night n • esp NJ, sePA

      misht n • sePA

      mister n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)

      mom-mom n • PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)

      monkey n1 B3 • sePA, sNJ (MAP)

      Montgomery pie n • sPA

      moshey n • sePA

      moving day n • esp NY, PA

      mow hole n • esp Appalachians, PA, NJ (MAP)

      mud gutter n • NYC, NJ, PA

      mud swallow n • chiefly West; also PA, NY, NJ (MAP)

      muley adj, n2 A3 (pronc) • chiefly Upstate NY, nPA, wGt Lakes (MAP)

      mum n1 • chiefly NEng, wPA (MAP)

      muskellunge n 1 • chiefly Gt Lakes, OH, PA, Upstate NY (MAP)

      nauseous adj • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NYC, NJ, PA (MAP)

      neb v • PA

      nebby adj • chiefly PA

      neb-nose n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      need v 2 • chiefly Midl, esp PA

      newsy adj • chiefly C Atl, esp PA

      on prep B9 • chiefly S and Mid Atl, PA (MAP)

      onion snow n • chiefly PA

      outen v 1 • chiefly PA; also SC (MAP)

      overden n • chiefly sePA

      overhead n 1 • orig esp PA, now more widespread

      overshot n 1 • chiefly PA

      pale fence n • chiefly Atlantic, esp PA (MAP)

      *pancake turner n • widespread, but somewhat less freq Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)

      panhas n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      pank v • chiefly nMI; also PA, Upstate NY

      pap-pap n (pronc) • PA, MD

      pavement n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, esp sePA; also Gulf States

      peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)

      peep n 3 • chiefly PA, MD

      pee-pee exclam • esp PA, Mid Atl; also LA, TX

      pepper cabbage n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      pepper pot (soup) n • esp ePA (MAP)

      pheasant n 1a • chiefly Midl, esp PA, sAppalachians

      pierogi n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas, esp PA

      pig maw n • esp PA

      pike n2 • scattered, but esp OH, PA, KY

      Pinchot (road) n • PA

      plain adj • chiefly PA

      pocketbook roll n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp PA (MAP)

      poker n2 1 • PA

      polinky n • esp PA

      pollyanna n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA

      polly-in-a-bag n • PA

      Pool n • nePA

      poor man’s pie n 1 • esp PA

      *pop n1 • widespread, but less freq N Atl, ePA, Sth, eMO, sIL (MAP)

      pop-pop n • chiefly PA, NJ, DE, MD (MAP)

      potato bun n • chiefly Nth, esp PA

      pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)

      potpie n 1 • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      potstick n • esp PA

      powwow n • chiefly PA

      powwow v • chiefly PA

      preacher Jack n • scattered, but more freq NY, PA, wGt Lakes

      punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)

      punkie n1 1 • chiefly Upstate NY, PA (MAP)

      Quaker ladies n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA (MAP)

      quoit n A1 (pronc) • formerly widespread, now esp NJ, PA, Upstate NY, wMA (MAP)

      radiator n (pronc) • esp PA |ˈrædietə(r)|

      rainspout n • scattered, but esp PA, MD, NJ (MAP)

      rainspouting n • esp MD, PA

      ratgut n • esp PA, NY, NJ (MAP)

      red beet egg n • esp PA

      redd v 3a • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      redd v 3b • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      red dog n • chiefly wPA, WV, OH (MAP)

      red-legged turtle n • esp PA, NJ

      red light n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, PA (MAP)

      residenter n 2 • esp PA

      rift v • esp PA

      route n A2 • scattered, but chiefly IL, OH, wPA, WV, MD (MAP)

      rum n3 • NCent, PA (MAP)

      run n 1a • scattered, but chiefly wPA, OH, WV, MD (MAP)

      rutchie n • sePA

      *sack n 1 • widespread, but less freq NEng, sPA (MAP)

      saddy exclam • chiefly PA

      salad bird n • PA

      schnitz n1 • chiefly PA (MAP)

      schussel n • PA

      scoop n 1 • scattered, but esp NY, PA, IN (MAP)

      scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)

      scrunt n • esp PA

      scutch v1 • esp PA

      sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)

      shaking fork n • esp PA

      share farmer n • esp PA, N Cent (MAP)

      sheaf n • widespread, but esp PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)

      shellbark hickory n • esp NJ, PA, WV, N Cent (MAP)

      shepherd’s pie n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp PA (MAP)

      shit, meaner than adj phr • chiefly NJ, PA, NY (MAP)

      shoofly pie n • chiefly PA (MAP)

      shooting cracker n • PA, OH, MD, KY

      shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)

      skimmelton n • chiefly Hudson Valley, nNJ, nePA (MAP)

      skipper n 2 • esp PA

      skitters n • chiefly PA, MD, WV, OH (MAP)

      slapper n • esp DE, PA

      sled ride v phr • esp wPA, eIN, sAppalachians (MAP)

      slinging statues n • scattered, but esp Inland Sth, PA (MAP)

      slippy adj • chiefly PA; also Sth (MAP)

      smearcase n • chiefly N Midl, esp PA, OH, MD, WV (MAP)

      snake guarder n • sePA

      snake servant n • PA

      snapper soup n • chiefly NJ, ePA

      snoopy adj • esp PA, OH, MD

      snuff rubber n • esp DE, MD, PA, WV (MAP)

      soft maple n • chiefly wNEng, Upstate NY, nPA, N Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)

      sots n • esp PA

      *sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)

      spatzie n 1 • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, PA (MAP)

      spite v • esp PA

      splay v B • chiefly NJ, PA, OH, MI (MAP)

      spot v • scattered, but esp PA, VA

      spotlight hunting n • scattered, but esp PA (MAP)

      spouting n • chiefly PA, OH, Gt Lakes (MAP)

      sprag v • chiefly PA

      spring beauty n 1 • chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, PA, Upstate NY

      spring peeper n • scattered, but esp PA, OH, nNJ (MAP)

      spritz v • chiefly PA (MAP)

      spritz n 2 • chiefly PA

      stable n 1 • esp PA, Upper Missip Valley

      steel n, v (pronc) • scattered, but esp wPA |stɪl|

      stenner n • chiefly sePA

      stick wagon n • chiefly PA, MD

      stone row n • chiefly NJ, PA

      stove v2 4 • esp wPA, OH, WV

      strange adj 3 • scattered, but esp PA

      stranger n • esp PA

      sucker bite n • chiefly wPA, eOH (MAP)

      sugar camp n • chiefly N Cent, WV, wPA (MAP)

      sugar water n • chiefly sAppalachians, IN, OH, PA

      Susquehanna salmon n • chiefly PA

      swankey n 2 • PA, OH

      Swede fence n • esp sePA

      tacker n • chiefly DE, MD, NJ, ePA

      tad n3 • esp PA

      taffy n 1 • scattered, but esp PA, NJ (MAP)

      teddy-bear (hair)cut n • esp PA, MD (MAP)

      telly pole n • chiefly PA

      tenner n • chiefly wPA, Gt Lakes

      Texas hot (wiener) n • chiefly nNJ, Upstate NY, PA

      thick milk n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp PA (MAP)

      three-foot n • PA

      throng adj • esp PA

      thundergust n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ

      tickly-bender(s) n • chiefly NEast, esp PA, NJ

      tobacco ladder n • sePA

      toby n 1 • chiefly wPA, nMD (MAP)

      toby tree n • esp PA

      tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA

      trail n • esp PA

      trefoil n 1 • scattered, but esp wNY, PA (MAP)

      trolley bun n • NJ, PA

      trolley park n • chiefly NEast, esp PA

      tureen dinner n • chiefly Upstate NY, wPA (MAP and Map Section)

      twin-sled n • esp wPA

      umbrella plant n a • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)

      vendue crier n • chiefly PA

      viewing n • chiefly PA, NJ, MD, DE; also UT (MAP)

      wamus n • chiefly N Cent, PA (MAP)

      want v1 C3 • chiefly Midl, esp wPA

      want v1 D • PA

      water gap n 2 • orig chiefly NY, NJ, PA; now more widespread in technical language

      water ice n • now esp sePA, sNJ

      water smeller n • chiefly PA

      wear v C2 • PA

      whenever conj a • Sth, S Midl, wPA

      whiffet n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp PA

      wicket n • esp PA, NJ (MAP)

      wildfire n • PA

      wineberry n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, PA

      wire ball n • esp sePA, MD

      wooden hill n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, NJ

      wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)

      X’s-and-O’s n • esp N Cent, PA, WV (MAP)

      Yankee bump n • chiefly swPA

      Yinzer n • wPA

      york v • esp Gt Lakes, PA

      you-uns pron1 • esp wPA yins, yinz

      zep n • PA, esp sePA

      zitterli n • se,csPA

Pennsylvania German See German, Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

      *-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia PA areas), Cent and SW

      bag v 1 • chiefly PA, esp Philadelphia area, and sNJ

      sisper shame exclam • Philadelphia PA

      square n1 B1 • scattered, but esp Philadelphia PA area

Persian

      pilau n1 • [Ult from Persian pilāw..]

Philadelphia See Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Philippine (See also Tagalog)

      bayao n • [Tagalog and related Philippine languages]

phonosymbolic

      chippy n2 • [Echoic or phonosymbolic]

      eentsy adj • [Phonosymbolic]

pidgin

      allee samee adv phr • [Imit of presumed Pidgin English]

      bimeby adv • [..widespread in pidgin and creole English of 17th cent and after]

      broadus n • [..prob from Port barata bargain, a loanword into Afr pidgins or creoles..]

      catch v B12 • [Pacific maritime pidgins]

      cumshaw n • [Chinese (Amoy) pidgin]

Piedmont See Virginia

Piman

      saguaro n • [MexSpan..prob < Opata (a Piman lang)..]

Plains States

      beef n 2 • esp in Plains States, TX

      black blizzard n • chiefly Plains States

      blinky adj 1a • chiefly W Midl, Plains States, SW (MAP)

      breaker n 1 • esp Plains States

      camp tender n • chiefly Plains States, West

      *cellar n1 B2 • widespread, but least freq Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)

      cow cockle n • chiefly Plains States, Pacific NW

      *flat n1 1a • widespread, but less freq Missip-Ohio Valleys, Plains States

      fox and geese n 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Rocky Mts (MAP)

      hayburner n 1 • chiefly Plains States

      hay sled n • esp Plains States

      honeywort n • Plains States

      lemon mint n 1 • esp Plains States, SW

      lemon-scent n • esp Plains States

      list v 2 • chiefly Plains States

      lister n 2 • chiefly Plains States (MAP)

      long john n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Upper MW, Plains States, MI (MAP)

      machine shed n • widespread, but esp freq Plains States, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)

      May basket n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)

      milo maize n • chiefly Plains States, SW (MAP)

      nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)

      Oklahoma rain n • chiefly SW, Plains States

      old cat n 1 • N Cent, Plains States (MAP)

      parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)

      pomme blanche n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States

      pomme de prairie n • chiefly Upper MW, Plains States

      pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)

      quoit n B • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Plains States, Pacific, esp NEast (MAP)

      sand grass n 1c • ND, Plains States

      sand plum n 2 • esp Plains States, OK, TX

      Scotch adj • esp Nth, N Midl, Plains States (MAP)

      shelter belt n • chiefly Plains States, Upper MW

      slough grass n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, Upper Missip Valley, Plains States (MAP)

      snake feeder n 1 • chiefly Midl, Plains States (MAP and Map Section)

      snake-killer n 3 • esp Plains States

      sod n attrib • chiefly Plains States, IL, IN

      spike pitcher n • Plains States, Upper MW, NW

      squaw patch n • esp OK, Plains States

      stirring plow n • chiefly Upper Missip Valley, Plains States

      storm cave n • esp Plains States, IA (MAP)

      suitcase farmer n • esp Plains States

      tree claim n • Upper MW, Plains States

      windmill grass n • esp Plains States, TX

      yah adv • scattered, but chiefly Nth, esp N Cent, Upper MW, Plains States (MAP)

pleonastic; pleonastically See redundant

Polish

      czarnina n • Pol settlement areas, esp WI

      duck’s blood soup n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas

      dupa n • [Prob Pol dupa arse..]

      dyngus n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas

      golumpki n pl • [Cf Pol gołąbki..]

      kielbasa n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp in Polish settlement areas

      kishka n 1 • esp in Polish communities

      paczki n • in Polish settlement areas, esp MI, WI

      paczki n • [Polish pączek.. pl pączki..]

      pevo n • [Pol piwo]

      pierogi n • chiefly in Polish settlement areas, esp PA

      Polack n • [Pol Polak a Pole..] (MAP)

      Polski n • [Pol Polski Polish]

      posina n • [Pol pierzyna]

Polynesian

      tapa n • [tapa is the form in many Polynesian languages..]

      ti n • [Haw , earlier, and in many other Polynesian langs, ti]

Portuguese

      banjo n • [..prob ult < Port banza guitar]

      broadus n • [Etym uncertain..= Caribbean creole braata.., prob from Port barata bargain..]

      caboos n • [Port cabóz big-head..]

      centipede n • [..forms without d or t are from..Port centope(i)a..]

      chorizo n • [Port chouriço; Span chorizo..]

      comprador n • [Port compradór buyer]

      day-day intj, n • [Perh from Port pidgin..]

      dodo n1 • [..ult from Port doudo simpleton, fool]

      garrupa n • [Port garoupa..]

      grouper n 1a • [Port garoupa, Span garopa]

      malassada n • [Port “an omelet or pancake made with eggs”]

      mauger adj • [..Ital, Port, Span magro]

      nigger n1 • [nigger < earlier neger < Fr nègre < Span, Port negro..]

      pão doce n • [Port]

      pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]

      tank n1 1 • [This corresponds to the..tank..borrowed in the 17th cent..from the Portuguese in India..]

      viuva n • [Port, literally “widow”]

Portuguese, American

      jagasee n • [AmPort jagacida..]

Portuguese, Brazilian

      caracara n • [Brazilian Port caracará]

Prince Edward Island; Dictionary of Prince Edward Island English

      streel n • [Ir dial; cf DNE, DPEIE]

      two-boater n • [Cf DPEIE two-boater “Also Irish two-boater…An immigrant.. after an interim period
elsewhere..”]

      whore’s egg n • Cf DNE, DPEIE

Pueblo Indians

      estufa n 1 • Among the Pueblo Indians

pun; punning(ly)

      big I, little you n • [..punningly with the letters i and u]

      bilge n • [Perh punning alter of binge]

      blowfly n • [..punningly with blowfly the insect..]

      blue as a whetstone adj phr • [With pun on blue..]

      blue-goose v • [Perh punningly with goose..]

      blunderbus n • [From blunder ..with pun on blunderbuss ..]

      bonaparte n 2 • [Punning bony + part]

      box with five nails n • [Punning box .. + punning nails ..]

      dido n 3 • [Punning reapplications of phr cut a dido…]

      dinero n 2 • [Appar in punning ref to dine or dinner]

      do-re-mi n 2 • [Punning extension of dough money]

      drop a stitch v phr • [From drop a stitch..with pun on stitch ..]

      dropsy n1 • [Punning allusion to dropsy edema]

      figurehead n • [..perh with pun on figurehead std sense]

      funny bone n 1 • [..perh also by punning assoc with humerus..]

      gamble stick n 2 • [..perh with pun on gamble v]

      gate n 2 • [In punning ref to the swinging of a fence gate..]

      gelding tobacco n • [With pun on gelding .. and cut to castrate]

      gin mill n • [..punning allusion to gin a type of mill]

      groundhog n 9 • [With pun on ground .. + hog B3a]

      hardscrabble n 4 • [Prob punning allusion to scrapple]

      Henry n B2 • [..pun on O. Henry ..]

      holey n • [..prob dimin of hole n 4 (and..punning sp holy)]

      nightmare n • [Punning var of night horse]

      peach-orchard beau n • [..perh deliberately punning var of peach-orchard boar]

      Ph.D., get one’s v phr • [..punning initialism..]

      pleasure-bent adj phr • [From ..sexual intercourse..with pun..bent on pleasure]

      quilt v 2 • [Prob pun on..nautical term beat to sail against the wind]

      raise gravy v phr • [Punning allusion to raised gravy]

      ring-a-levio n 2 • [Prob with pun on leave]

      spelling baker n • [baker US military code word for the letter B, with pun on bee]

      T.P. and W. v phr • [Appar a pun on Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad, known as the TP&W]

      Walker’s hack n • [Punning ref to common surname..]

      walled-off Astoria n • [Pun on the Waldorf-Astoria luxury hotel in New York City]

      wee house n • [wee small, perh with pun on wee to urinate]

      William n • [Pun on bill]

      wooden hill n • [..now often in the punning phr up the wooden hill to Bedfordshire]

      wrangatang n • [Pun on orangoutang]