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Cajun French See French, Cajun
abalone v • CA
Adam-and-Eve n 3 • CA
adobe n 4 • SW, esp CA
ajo n • AZ, CA
aliso n 1 • CA
alkali weed n 3 • CA
all-ee all-ee auction free exclam • sCA, HI
all-ee all-ee oxen (all in) free exclam • chiefly West and Gt Lakes, esp CA (MAP)
amole n 1a • CA
Angeleno n • formerly sCA, now more widespread
angel’s-trumpet n 1 • Sth, CA and HI
angry acacia n • AZ, CA, NV
August flower n • CA
batfish n 3 • CA
bayo n 1 • chiefly CA
beavertail grass n • CA
Bigfoot n • chiefly CA
billy owl n • esp CA
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
blind pig n 1 • chiefly w Inland Nth, CA (MAP and Map Section)
blueblossom n • Pacific, esp CA
blue gum n2 1 • CA
blue myrtle n 1 • chiefly CA
boss dice n • esp CA
buckbrush n 3b • CA
buddhahead n • chiefly HI, also CA
burn v B3 • scattered, but esp NEng, CA
burr clover n • esp CA
burroweed n 2 • CA
calf’s head n • chiefly nCA
campoody n • esp CA
canchalagua n • CA
candy pulling n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, NEast, CA (MAP)
canyon maple n • CA
cascaron n • chiefly CA
chamisal n • CA
chamise n 1 • chiefly CA
chamise brush n • CA
chamise lily n • CA
Charlie’s dead phr • esp CA
checkerbloom n • chiefly CA
chesterfield n 1 • esp CA
chilicothe n • CA
chilipepper n • CA
chinquapin n B3 • chiefly CA, OR
chispa n • CA
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
chubasco n • CA, TX
cioppino n • chiefly CA
Clamper n • chiefly nCA
coarse gold n • chiefly CA
cobra plant n • nCA, swOR
compie n • Pacific, esp CA
con n1 • scattered, but esp NY, CA (MAP)
cooler n 2 • esp CA
corn lily n 3a • West, esp CA
cornmeal bread n • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
corral snake n • CA
cougar n • chiefly NW, CA, UT (MAP)
cow county n • CA, NV
cow poison n • chiefly CA
coyote v 1 • esp CA
crevice v • esp CA
desert turtle n • SW, esp sCA
dime, off the adj phr • chiefly CA
dingy adj • chiefly CA, NW
ditch v 1 • esp c,sCA (MAP)
dobe n 5 • West, esp CA
doghole n 2 • nCA, sOR coasts
earthquake weather n • CA
Easter lily n 1 • chiefly CA
E Clampus Vitus n • CA
embarcadero n • chiefly CA
enchilada n • orig SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
encino n • esp CA
English walnut n • chiefly N and C Atl, CA
escobita n • chiefly CA
estero n • CA
evening-snow n 1 • CA
evergreen oak n b • CA
fag n • scattered, but esp NY, PA, CA
fairy lantern n 1 • CA
fairy lantern n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
fester v • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
fiesta n • chiefly SW, esp CA, TX
fiesta flower n • CA
filione n • CA
fix v B7 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
flattop n 2 • esp CA
fly-fish n • CA
fly-flower n • CA
footsteps-of-spring n • esp CA
free gold n • chiefly CA
French frog n • CA, NV
fuss v C5 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
gallito n 1 • CA
garrupa n • CA
globe lily n • esp CA
go-ahead n 1 • chiefly CA, HI
golden fleece n • esp CA
gold fields n 1 • esp CA
goldwire n • CA
gopher plant n 1 • esp CA
gopher snake n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA, AZ (MAP)
grape stake n • West, esp CA
grassnut n 2 • chiefly CA
grease ant n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, CA (MAP)
greasewood n 2c • CA
greasewood n 2d • CA
green corn n 2 • scattered, but esp eNEng, Gt Lakes, sCA (MAP)
gulch n 1 • scattered, but esp CA (MAP)
gum plant n 3 • CA
gum tree n 3 • CA
gumweed n 2 • esp CA
halibut n B2 • sCA
Hangtown fry n • CA, WA
header n 1 • chiefly West, esp CA (MAP)
hen and chickens n 1a(2) • chiefly CA
hickory pine n 1 • esp CA
high fog n • chiefly wCA
hog dollar n • chiefly nCA
hoity-toity adj • esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
horse mackerel n 3 • CA
hunter n 2 • scattered, but chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
ice plant n 1 • orig CA, now more widespread
Indian thistle n 2 • CA, Pacific NW
Italian squash n • scattered, but esp CA, SW
jackass brandy n • scattered, but esp CA
jacksnipe n 5 • CA
jacksnipe n 6 • CA
jelly doughnut n • widespread, but esp freq NEast, S Atl, CA (MAP)
jewfish n 1d • CA
johnny-nip n • esp CA
johnny-tuck n • chiefly CA
Johnny verde n • CA
jota n • esp CA, sID, eOR
kelpfish n b • CA
kingfish n 3 • CA
kisses n 2 • CA
Klamath weed n • chiefly CA
laguna n • chiefly TX, CA
laurel n 5 • esp OR, CA
lily bell n 1 • CA
linnet n 4 • West, esp CA
littleneck n 3 • CA
little sugar pine n • CA
live-forever n 4 • chiefly CA
lizard tail n 2 • CA
madrone n • chiefly CA
mahala n • chiefly CA
mahogany n 2c • CA
mariposa lily n • esp CA
marsh sparrow n 2 • CA
maul oak n • esp CA
meadow foam n • chiefly CA
meadowsweet n 3 • CA
medialuna n • CA
mesa oak n • CA
Mexican goose n 1b • esp CA
milquetoast n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
mission bells n • West, esp CA
mock orange n 2b • chiefly CA
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
Monterey halibut n • c,sCA coast
moronel n • CA
mosquito bill n • esp CA
mountain balm n 2 • chiefly CA
mountain cat n 3 • CA
mountain jay n 1 • West, esp CA
mountain laurel n 3 • chiefly CA
mountain live oak n • CA
mountain oak n b • West, esp CA
mountain pride n • chiefly CA
mule fat n • CA
mush oak n • CA
musk clover n • esp CA
nigger heaven n 1 • chiefly Nth, Plains States, Rocky Mts, CA (MAP)
niggertoe n 3 • esp CA
Okie n • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
one-foot-off-the-gutter n • CA
oven n 2 • chiefly NEast, OH, MI, CA (MAP)
pachuco n • SW, esp sCA, TX
Pacific deer n • CA
panguingue n • AK, NW, CA
parada n • CA, OR, NV
parking n 2a • chiefly NW, Plains States, IA; also N Cent, sCA (MAP)
pea n1 3 • CA
pedro n (pronc) • chiefly Inland Nth (exc Upper MW, NW), CA (MAP)
pelican flower n 2 • CA
pennyroyal n B3 • esp CA
pepper tree n • CA
pepperwood n 1 • CA
periwinkle n2 2 • chiefly Pacific NW, CA
pigeonberry n 7 • CA
Piker n1 • chiefly Pacific Coast, esp CA
pin clover n • esp CA
pine violet n • esp CA
pink bean n • esp CA
pitcher sage n • CA
pitch pine n c(3) • CA
pitch pine n c(5) • CA
pocket n 4 • West, esp CA, NV
pogy n 5 • ceCA, cwNV
poison-oaker n • esp CA
polenta n • formerly esp CA, but now more widely recognized (MAP)
pompano n 2 • chiefly CA
pom-pom-pullaway n • chiefly Gt Lakes, Upper MW, Plains States, Rocky Mts, sCA (MAP)
popcorn flower n • esp CA
pope’s nose n 1 • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA, TX (MAP)
porky n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA (MAP)
Portuguese n, adj • esp sNEng, CA, HI Portagee, Porte(r)gee, Portug(u)ee, Portyg(h)ee (MAP)
potato bug n 4 • CA
potrero n 1 • chiefly CA
prickly phlox n • esp CA
prince’s pine n 1 • esp CA, NW
pro-hi n 1 • scattered, but esp CA
pug n • chiefly NEng, wGt Lakes, CA (MAP)
puncture vine n • West, esp CA (MAP)
punt n • scattered, but esp Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP)
rancheria grass n • esp CA
rattlesnake weed n 1h • esp CA
red-bellied hawk n • CA
red gum n 2 • CA
red racer n • esp CA
red sage n 1 • chiefly CA
redwood n 2 • orig CA, now widespread
refried beans n pl • orig chiefly sCA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
riffle n1 • chiefly West, esp CA
riffle, make the v phr • orig chiefly West, esp CA; later more widespread
ring-tailed cat n • esp CA, TX
ripgut n 2 • esp CA
roble n • esp CA
rock bass n 2 • CA
rock cod n 3 • esp CA
rock rattlesnake n c • CA
rodeo n (pronc) • esp CA, SW |ˌroˈde-o|
romero n • CA
rooster head n 2 • esp CA
rubber boa n • West, esp CA
sailor’s caps n • CA
salsa n • orig CA, SW, but now widely recognized
sand bass n 1 • CA
sandburr n 2b • esp CA
Santa Ana n • chiefly sCA (MAP)
sea bass n 2 • chiefly CA
sea spinach n • CA
*see v B3a • widespread, but less freq NEast, Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
shovel-nosed shark n 2 • CA
skew- pref a • chiefly Nth, CA (MAP)
skew- pref c • esp Gt Lakes, CA (MAP)
skibby n • chiefly CA, Pacific NW
skipjack n 1k • esp CA, HI
slash n2 • chiefly Nth, nCA
slim Solomon n • esp CA
slippery elm n 2 • CA
sluice n • chiefly West, esp CA, AR
smelt n 2a • CA
snail n • esp CA (MAP)
snipe v 2 • chiefly AK, CA
soap plant n 1 • esp CA
soap plant n 4 • CA
soaproot n 1 • esp CA
Southland n • sCA
*sowbelly n • widespread, but less freq N and Mid Atl, PA, c,sCA (MAP)
spikeweed n • esp CA
splatter-ass n • CA, NV, OR
squato n • CA
squirrel hawk n 1 • esp CA
star tulip n • esp CA
steam beer n • orig chiefly CA, now widely known
stinkbug n b(3) • esp CA
stobber n 2 • CA
striped bass n 1 • scattered, but chiefly Atlantic, Lower Missip Valley, CA (MAP)
sundowner n 2 • sCA
tamale n1 • orig chiefly SW, CA, but now widely recognized (MAP)
tamale pie n • orig chiefly SW, esp CA; now more widely recognized (MAP)
tamarack n 2 • esp CA
thimbleberry n • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, NW, nCA (MAP)
three-step n • chiefly Gt Lakes, NW, CA (MAP)
tiger lily n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, nCA (MAP)
timber rattlesnake n 2 • chiefly CA
to prep B1c • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA (MAP and Map Section)
tomcod n 2b(2) • CA
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
tree poppy n 2 • CA
tree yucca n • chiefly CA
tule n 1 • chiefly Pacific (esp CA), SW
tule n 2 • chiefly Pacific, esp CA (MAP)
tule fog n • chiefly CA
tule mint n • CA
tule potato n • CA
tule rooter n 1 • CA
tuna n1 • West, esp TX, CA
turkey mullein n • chiefly CA
Turkish rugging n • CA
valley fever n • SW, esp CA
valley jay n • CA
vino n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, West, esp CA (MAP)
white perch n 6 • CA
wild alfalfa n 1 • CA
wild anise n 1 • CA
wild lettuce n 4 • CA
wild lilac n 1 • CA
wild onion n 2a • CA
windmill pink n • esp CA
wishbone bush n • esp CA
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
witches’ teeth n • CA
wokas n • chiefly sOR, nCA
wriggler n 1 • esp Inland Nth, PA, CA (MAP)
yellow broom n 2 • esp CA
yellowtail rockfish n • chiefly CA
you betcha adv phr • chiefly Nth, N Midl, CA, TX; now esp Upper MW, NW (MAP)
zanja n • sCA, AZ
zanjero n • sCA, AZ
all both pron • [Perh an African calque..]
all two adj, pron, conj • [..prob calques..]
alphabet n • [Calque from Japanese or Korean..]
already adv B1 • [Calque: through PaGer from Ger schon already, yet, so far]
already adv B2 • [Calque: ult from Ger schon as transmitted independently by PaGer schun and Yidd shoyn]
angels on horseback n pl • [Loan-transl of Fr anges à cheval..]
battle n2 • [Calque from Fr bataille battle, a card game]
be v B2a(3) • [Loan transl from Ger Ich bin]
burn v B7 • [Cantonese calque]
cook v 1 • [Prob calque from Ger kochen, Sw koka, Nor koke,..]
cook cheese n • [Calque from Ger Kochkäse]
crack one’s teeth v phr • [Afr calque..]
crack seed n • [Chinese calque]
cut-eye n, v • [..prob loan transl of an Afr idiom..]
dress around v phr • [Calque..]
dress out v phr • [Calque..]
eat oneself (done) v phr • [Calque from PaGer..]
eye n2 • [Calque from Haw maka mesh..]
fire v C1b • [Calque from Haw ahi n “fire,” v “to burn”]
first breakfast n • [Perh calque < Ger erstes Frühstück..]
give v B1 • calque of Ger geben to give
groundhog n 1 • [Perh calque from Du aertoercken arch var of aardvarken..”earth pig”] (MAP)
hand cheese n • [Calque of handkäse]
house blessing n • [Calque of Ger Haussegen wall text]
jalousie n • [..the form jealousy..is either a calque or folk-etym]
keep v B4 • [Calque of PaGer uf(f)halde]
land rain n • [Calque of Ger Landregen (PaGer landrejje, landregge) a steady rain]
little n C2 • [Calque of Ger von klein auf (or an), PaGer vun glee uff]
live-forever n 3 • [Calque of the generic Sempervivum..]
liver sausage n • [Calque of Ger leberwurst] (MAP)
liverwurst n • [Partial calque of Ger Leberwurst] (MAP)
lock open v phr • [Calque of PaGer uffschliesse, Ger aufschliessen]
longsome adj • [Prob calque of Ger langsam slow..]
look v B6 • [Calque of PaGer..]
lost bread n • [Calque of Fr pain perdu]
make v1 C18 • [Calque of Fr faire]
make v1 D24 • [Calque of PaGer wacker mache]
make v1 D27 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make v1 D32 • [Calques of Ger zumachen, as in “Mach die Tür zu!”]
make down v phr 3 • [Calque of PaGer..]
make out v phr 3 • [Calque of Ger ausmachen..]
make out v phr 6 • [Calque of Ger ausmachen]
me pron 5 • [Calque of Fr constr]
on prep B12a • [Prob calque of Ger auf, an]
on prep B12b • [Usu calque of Ger an;..perh calque of Haw ma on, at]
once adv B • [Prob calque of Ger einmal, but cf EDD]
owl’s claws n • [Calque of the Navaho name..]
paint adj • [Calque from AmSpan pinto spotted..] (MAP)
pan-rabbit n • [Calque from panhas]
pass v 3 • [Calque of Fr passer]
Pele’s hair n • [Calque of Haw lauoho o Pele..]
Pele’s tear n • [Calque of Haw waimaka o Pele..]
peppernut n • [Calque of pfeffernuss..]
potato sausage n • [Calque of Sw potatiskorv]
rainworm n 1 • [..prob calque of Ger Regenwurm]
reach v1 B3 • [Prob calque of PaGer reeche, Ger reichen..]
refried beans n pl • [Calque of MexSpan frijoles refritos] (MAP)
sacred bark n • [Calque of AmSpan cascara sagrada]
save v B2 • [Calque of LaFr sauver..]
second Christmas (Day) n • [Calque of Ger zweiter Weihnachtstag, PaGer zwette Grischdâk, or Du tweede
Kerstdag]
sheep buck n • [Calque of Ger Schafbock]
sheepshead n 5 • [Calque of schafskopf] (MAP)
shoespoon n • [Calque of Ger Schuhlöffel]
shunning n • [Calque of Ger Meidung]
snake guarder n • [Calque of PaGer schlangehieter]
snake heeder n • [Partial calque of PaGer schlangehieter, literally “snake guarder”]
sow and pigs n • [..a calque of Ger Sauball for the same game] (MAP)
stable n 1 • [..primarily a calque of Ger Schweinestall < Stall..]
stand v 2 • [Prob calque of var foreign idioms..]
stand v 3 • [Calque of an idiom found in most Germanic languages other than English]
stand up v phr • [Calque of Ger aufstehen..]
still adv 2 • [Calque of..PaGer..advs..based on obs still continually, invariably..]
stink cheese n • [Calque (and partial calque) of PaGer schtinkkaes..]
straw widow n • [Prob calque of Ger Strohwitwe]
swan potato n • [Calque of the name in Ojibway..]
sweetwood n 2 • [Calque of Ger Süßholz (PaGer siesshols)]
thick milk n • [Prob calque of PaGer dickemilich or Ger Dickmilch..] (MAP)
three-foot n • [Calque of PaGer Dreifuss]
tie loose v phr • [Calque of Ger losbinden (PaGer losbinne)]
till prep B4 • [Mostly calque of (Pa)Ger bis (prep, conj) till, by (the time that)..]
till conj C2 • [Calque of (Pa)Ger bis..]
to prep B5 • [Calque from Ger zu..]
toe n1 1 • [Prob calque of Ger Zeh toe, clove (of garlic)]
trembling earth n • [Calque of Seminole okefinokee]
under through prep phr • [Calque of PaGer or Du; see quots]
water out v phr 2 • [Prob calque of Norw utvanne]
water smeller n • [Calques of Ger Wasserschmecker, Wasserriecher]
what for (a) adj phr • [In some areas obviously a calque of Ger was für (ein)..]
wildcat grass n • [Appar calque of LaFr paille (à) chat-tigre]
wildfire n • [..here a calque of PaGer wildfeier (Ger Wildfeuer)]
wolfbean n • [Calque of Ger Wolf(s)bohne..]
wolf grape n • [Calque of Arabic name for a species of Solanum..]
wonder v1 1 • [..in the majority of quots they are clearly calques of PaGer idioms..]
year v2 • [Calque of PaGer sich jaehre to have one’s birthday anniversary]
yet adv, conj B4 • [Prob calque of Ger (and PaGer) doch]
Canadian; Dictionary of Canadianisms
appola n • [Cf DCan appalat in similar sense, from French apala titbit..]
babiche n • [..DCan 1806➝]
baboune n 2 • (Cf DCan)
back forty, the n • Cf DCan
baked-apple berry n • [..DCan 1775➝]
banker n 2 • [DCan 1777➝]
bateau n B • (Cf DCan..)
berlot n • Cf DCan
bluenose n 1 • Cf DCan
bluff n1 b • [..cf DCan]
booshway n • Cf DCan booshway
booya n • [..see DCan bouillon]
broom ball n • [Cf DCan 1933➝]
brulé n 1 • Cf DCan
Canada bird n • [DCan 1866➝]
Canada corn n • [DCan 1819➝]
Canada jay n • [DCan 1772➝]
Canada lynx n • [DCan 1820➝]
Canadian dogwood n • [DCan 1947➝]
Canadian thistle n 1 • [DCan 1822➝]
Canuck n • See also DCan (MAP)
carcajou n 1 • [DCan 1703➝]
cheater n 2 • See also DCan
chinook n B1 • [DCan 1833➝]
choo intj • Cf DCan choo a call to sled dogs
chuck n4 • [..DCan 1860➝]
coho salmon n • [..DCan 1808➝]
deacon seat n 2 • Cf DCan
dew worm n • [Prob from CanEngl (DCan 1889➝)..] (MAP)
dogan n • [..DCan dogan 1854➝]
dog driver n 1 • [DCan 1857➝]
dog musher n • Cf DCan
end town n • [Cf DCan end of steel a. 2, end-of-steel town]
Ephraim n • Cf DCan
fobs n pl • [..cf Can fobble (DN 1.388)]
fog mull n • Cf DCan
frost boil n 1 • Cf..DCan
galette n • [Fr “(sea) biscuit”; DCan 1843➝]
gee pole n • Cf DCan
golden eagle n • [DCan 1784➝]
gore n1 • Cf DCan
ground cedar n 2 • [DCan 1832➝..]
ground chuck n • [..DCan “Obs.”]
ground juniper n • [DCan 1793➝]
habitant n • [..DCan 1789➝]
ice-out n • Cf DCan
ice worm n • Cf DCan
inconnu n • [..DCan 1806 ➝]
Indian breadroot n • [..DCan 1852 ➝]
Indian devil n 2 • [DCan 1853 ➝]
jackpot n 1 • [DCan 1887 ➝..]
kokanee (salmon) n • Cf DCan
land otter n • [DCan 1828 ➝]
lowbush cranberry n • [DCan 1833 ➝]
lucivee n • [..cf DCan loup-cervier 1744 ➝; lucivee 1774 ➝]
lush n • Cf DCan
mal de raquette n • [..DCan 1821]
Manitoba maple n • Cf DCan
maple bush n • Cf DCan
maple camp n • Cf DCan
maple molasses n • Cf DCan
maria n • [DCan 1909 ➝]
marsh hare n • [DCan 1930]
marsh hawk n 1 • [DCan 1772 ➝]
marsh rat n 2 • [DCan c1902]
meadow hen n 2 • [DCan 1896]
memaloose adj, n • Cf DCan (at mamaloos)
methy n • [..DCan 1743 ➝]
metis n • Cf DCan
moccasin telegraph n • Cf..DCan
mooseberry n • [DCan 1789 ➝]
moosemise n 1 • [DCan 1861 ➝]
moose shank n • Cf DCan
moss heather n • Cf DCan
mountain cat n 1 • [DCan c1665 ➝ for the lynx]
mouse bush n • [Cf..DCan mouse ear..]
muck n1 2 • [DCan 1897 (in placer mining)]
mush v2 • Cf DCan
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
muskellunge n • [..DCan (at maskinonge) 1761 ➝]
neck v 2 • Cf DCan
nitchie n • Cf DCan
paring bee n • Cf DCan
pathmaster n • [DCan 1799 ➝]
pea soup n 2 • [DCan peasoup a French Canadian..]
pigeonberry n 2 • [DCan 1822 ➝..]
pine marten n • [DCan 1772 ➝]
pin-tailed grouse n • [DCan pintail grouse 1819 ➝]
plank road n • [DCan 1839 ➝]
rampike n • Cf DCan
rat n 1 • [DCan 1584 ➝] (MAP)
redberry n k • [DCan 1933, 1953]
red pine n 1a • [DCan 1767 ➝]
red salmon n • [DCan 1859 ➝]
red willow n • [DCan 1743 ➝]
Red River maple n • [DCan 1887 ➝ for Acer negundo]
rock elm n 1 • [DCan 1830 ➝]
salt banking vbl n • Cf..DCan salt-banker, DNE salt trip
saltchuck n • Cf..DCan
saskatoon n • [Of Algonquian orig;..DCan 1810 ➝]
silver thaw n • [DCan 1770 ➝]
skidway n b • Cf DCan skidway 1a, b
skookum adj • Cf DCan
skookum n • Cf DCan
skookum chuck n • Cf ..DCan
skookum house n • Cf DCan
sleigh n 2 • Cf ..DCan (MAP)
sloven n • [Of eCanadian origin < Ir sleamhnán sledge]
snake room n • Cf DCan
spike pitcher n • [..cf DCan]
spruce partridge n • [DCan 1771 ➝]
squaw hitch n 1 • [DCan 1887 ➝]
stinking willie n 1 • [A Scots name..used also in eCanada..]
stubble jumper n • Cf..DCan
stump logging n • [Cf DCan stumper quot 1908 ‘‘Many trees..would drop right into water from the stumps when
felled’’]
stump ranch n • [DCan stump ranch 1919, stump rancher 1963]
sugary n • [DCan 1832 ➝; transl of CanFr sucrerie]
Swede n 3 • [..cf DCan]
teaberry n 1 • [DCan 1796] (MAP)
tillicum n • Cf DCan
timber wolf n 1 • [DCan 1860 ➝]
tin dog n • [..also DCan tin dog 1953]
togue n • [Cf DCan]
traineau n • Cf DCan
tuladi n • [DCan 1846 ➝..]
tullibee n • [DCan 1789 ➝]
tumpline n • Cf DCan
tuque n • [CanFr tuque < Fr toque;..DCan 1882 ➝]
twinberry n 2 • [DCan 1823 ➝]
velvet duck n • [DCan 1823 for Melanitta fusca..]
wanigan n • Cf DCan
wavey n • Cf..DCan
whiskey jack n • [..cf DCan] (MAP)
whistling duck n 1 • Cf DCan
willow grouse n 1 • [DCan 1823 ➝]
willow grouse n 4 • [DCan 1907 ➝]
Winnipeg goldeye n • [DCan 1954 ➝]
wire birch n • [DCan 1917 ➝]
Canadian French See French, Canadian
burn v B7 • [Cantonese calque]
pake n, adj • [Prob < Cantonese dial..]
sai-min n • [Prob Cantonese..]
Cape Cod See Massachusetts, Cape Cod
caouane n • [AmFr caouane ..Cf AmSpan caguama < Carib..]
coco plum n • [coco, from Span icaco, ult from Island Carib hikáku..]
latanier n • [Fr latanier, ult of Carib origin]
chigger n • [Alter of Cariban chigoe]
periagua n • [Varr of Span , ult of Cariban origin]
pirogue n • [Fr < Span piragua, of Cariban origin] (MAP)
Caribbean; Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage
apple banana n • [..name prob adopted with the fruit from the Caribbean..]
broadus n • [..=Caribbean creole braata..]
cut-eye n, v • [Caribbean Creole..]
poppy show n • [..widespread in Caribbean and W Afr creoles..]
soul-case n • Cf DCEU..
stay v 3 • Cf..DCEU stay 3, 4
suck one’s teeth v phr • vocal “gesture”..in Black cultures in Africa, the Caribbean, and the US
suck-teeth n • [Cf DJE, DCEU]
thrash hut n • [Cf..DCEU trash n1 2…]
tow v • Cf.. DCEU
ugly n D1a • [This proverb appears to be widespread in the Caribbean: cf DCEU, DJE (1803 ➝).]
what make (so) adv phr • Cf..DCEU wha[t]1 2.8
what side adv phr • Cf DBE, DJE (at what side), DCEU (at wisside)
wonder-of-the-world root n • [..in parts of the Caribbean the..name is applied to..Kalanchoe pinnata.]
yaupon n • [yopún dimin of Catawba yop tree]
muley adj, n2 • [..ult of Celtic origin…]
mull adj, n1 • [..ult of Celtic origin]
-a • chiefly wNEng south through NC (exc NYC and Philadelphia areas), Cent and SW
belly-buster n, adv 2 • chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
black man n 2 • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
blister bug n • chiefly TX, Cent (MAP)
bull nettle n 1 • chiefly N Cent, Cent, TX, LA (MAP)
burg n • scattered, but esp N Cent, Cent (MAP)
burr n1 3 • chiefly Cent, Missip-Ohio Valleys, TX (MAP)
burr oak n • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
cat and mouse n 1 • chiefly Upper MW, WI, Cent (MAP)
chat n3 • Cent
civvy cat n • chiefly SW, Cent
democrat bug n • Upper Missip Valley, Cent
doodlebug n 6b • chiefly Gulf States, Cent, N Midl (MAP)
*dray n 2 • widespread, but less freq S Midl, Cent
dry-land turtle n • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, SW (MAP and Map Section)
everlasting yeast n • chiefly Cent, TX (MAP)
extension club n • chiefly Cent, N Cent
farm-to-market road n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, Cent (MAP)
fishworm n • widespread, but more freq Nth, N Midl, Cent (MAP)
fool v 1b • scattered, but chiefly S Midl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
fraid hole n • chiefly Cent
French harp n 1 • chiefly W Midl, TX, Cent (MAP)
fresno n 2 • chiefly West, Cent
hard-shell turtle n • chiefly N Cent, Cent, Gulf States (MAP)
hedge n • chiefly N Cent, Cent (MAP)
hog wire n • scattered, but esp S Atl, Gulf States, Cent (MAP)
holiness adj • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
kinfolk n pl • widespread, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
knot n1 3 • chiefly Sth, Midl, Cent (MAP)
literary n • chiefly Cent
lumber wagon n • chiefly Nth, Cent (MAP)
monkey stove n • chiefly Cent
*nanny n1 • scattered exc nNEng, Upper MW, Cent (MAP)
parasol n B1 • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
peony n1 2 (pronc) • chiefly Cent, Mid Atl, S Midl, NEng (MAP)
pill n 1 • scattered, but chiefly NCent, Cent, West (MAP)
pine snake n 1 • chiefly Mid and S Atl, Cent
pitch n2 1 • chiefly NEng, Upstate NY, Delmarva, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pitchfork n 3c • chiefly N Cent, Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
pound party n 1 • chiefly Midl, Cent
*quits exclam • scattered, but less freq Sth, S Midl, SW, Cent (MAP)
scissortail n 1 • esp TX, Cent (MAP)
scoop shovel n 1 • esp Cent, Upper MW
scour v • chiefly N Cent, Upper MW, Cent
silk-stocking n attrib • scattered, but esp Gulf States, TX, Cent, Upper Missip Valley (MAP)
smartweed n • widespread, but chiefly Midl, N Cent, Cent (MAP)
snap v 2a • esp Upper MW, Cent
*snowing down South, it’s phr • widespread, but less freq Sth, Cent (MAP)
socks, throw up one’s v phr • scattered, but esp Cent, TX (MAP)
soddy n 1 • chiefly Cent, esp KS, NE
sooey exclam • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent, TX (MAP)
straight wind n • esp Cent (MAP)
striped wasp n • esp Cent (MAP)
sun perch n • chiefly S Midl, Lower Missip Valley, Cent (MAP)
sweat bee n 1 • chiefly Midl, Gt Lakes, Cent (MAP)
*trace n2 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, Cent, Rocky Mts, nCA (MAP)
trailer truck n • chiefly east of Missip R, esp NEast; also TX, Cent (MAP and Map Section)
trotline n 1 • chiefly Gulf States, W Midl, Cent, TX, SC (MAP)
tush n C1 • formerly widespread, now chiefly Sth, W Midl, Cent, TX; scattered NEast, Gt Lakes (MAP)
velvet-tail n 1 • esp Cent; also AL
wear v B3b • scattered, but esp Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
whaley n 1 • chiefly Cent, S Midl
who laid the chunk phr • chiefly TX, Cent
wild alfalfa n 2 • chiefly Cent, Upper MW
witch v • chiefly N Cent, Cent, nCA (MAP)
work v 3 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, Cent (MAP)
Central African See African, Central
alewife n • chiefly C Atl, N Atl, Gt Lakes
amongst you pron • chiefly C Atl
Anthony-over n, exclam • chiefly C Atl, N Midl
antymire n • chiefly N Atl, C Atl, sAppalachians
baitfish n • chiefly Atl, esp C Atl, N Atl
barefooted adj 1 • chiefly Mid and C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
barrack n • chiefly NY, C Atl
bateau n B2 • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
be v B2a(3) • chiefly C Atl
belly-whopper n, v, adv 2 • chiefly Nth, N Midl, esp NY, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
black drum n • chiefly C and S Atl
black duck n 1 • chiefly NEast, Mid and C Atl (MAP)
blackfish n 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
blackfish n 2 • chiefly Mid and C Atl
black frost n 1 • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, C and S Atl, CA (MAP)
black will n • C Atl
bloodworm n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
breeze v • chiefly N Atl, C Atl
brethren n pl B • chiefly C Atl and Ohio River Valley
buck bathing pple, vbl n • C Atl coast
buffalo n B1 • chiefly C Atl, NC (MAP)
bugeye n2 • chiefly C Atl coast, esp Chesapeake Bay (MAP)
bunker n1 • N and C Atl
buzzard n • esp C Atl
cake turner n • chiefly C Atl, eN Midl (MAP)
can n 3c • chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
certain adv B1 • esp NEng, also C and S Atl
chicory n 1 • chiefly Nth, C Atl
chowder n 1 • orig and chiefly NEng, now also Nth, CA, C Atl (MAP)
co-ee v phr • chiefly C Atl, S Atl
count n • chiefly C Atl
coy v • C Atl
crack n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
crow duck n 2 • esp C Atl
cruller n • scattered, but chiefly NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
diamondback terrapin n • chiefly C and S Atl
dog fly n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl, AL (MAP)
double bar n • esp C Atl
double singletree n • scattered, but esp C and S Atl (MAP)
*doughball n 2 • scattered, but less freq NEast, C and S Atl, Pacific (MAP)
drain n1 C1 • scattered, but esp Mid and C Atl (MAP)
dry wall n • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
dual highway n • scattered, but chiefly Mid and C Atl (MAP)
eel rack n • C and N Atl
English walnut n • chiefly N and C Atl, CA
escarole n • chiefly N and C Atl
fastland n • chiefly C Atl coast
*faucet n B1 • formerly chiefly Nth; now widespread, but less freq Mid and C Atl
field hawk n • chiefly SE, C Atl
fisherman n 1 • chiefly C Atl coast
five-and-ten n 1 • widespread, but more freq NEast, C Atl
fresh n 3 • C Atl
fyke n • orig chiefly NY, NEng; now chiefly C Atl coast
garvey n • chiefly C Atl coast, esp NJ
get up there v phr • scattered, but esp N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
G.I. haircut n • scattered, but more freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
grandma n A6 • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
grandpa n A5 • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, NY (MAP)
grass sack n • chiefly C Atl, Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley (MAP)
grassy adj • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
guano sack n • chiefly C and S Atl
guinea keet n 1 • esp C Atl
gust n • esp C Atl
hairy head n • chiefly C and S Atl
hamburg n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl, OH, MI (MAP)
hang v B2 • scattered, but esp C Atl, Ohio Valley (MAP)
haul v 1 • chiefly N and C Atl
hay barrack n • chiefly NEast, C Atl
heaves n pl • widespread, but more freq NEast, N Cent, C Atl (MAP)
hedgehog n 2 • chiefly NEast, C Atl
hickory poplar n • chiefly C and Mid Atl
*highway n • widespread, but less freq N Cent, NEast, C Atl (MAP)
high yellow n • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
hogchoker n • esp C and Mid Atl
holey adj • esp S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
horse stable n • chiefly NEast, C Atl, eGt Lakes (MAP)
howsomever adv 1 • scattered, but chiefly S and C Atl, S Midl
huckster n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl, NEast exc nNEng (MAP)
hummock n 3 • C Atl
kernel n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl; also Gulf States (MAP and Map Section)
kick v B3 • esp C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
kiln n • esp C Atl, Lower Missip Valley (MAP)
kindling n • esp N and C Atl
king n 2 • esp N and C Atl (MAP)
*kitchen broom n • scattered, but less freq C and Mid Atl, SE (MAP)
land frog n • chiefly Midl, C Atl (MAP)
land turtle n • scattered, but chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
lark n1 1 • scattered, but chiefly C and S Atl
levy n1 • chiefly C Atl
local preacher n • scattered, but chiefly Sth, S Midl, C Atl (MAP)
log cart n • esp C and S Atl (MAP)
loggerhead n 3 • chiefly Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
log wagon • scattered, but esp Lower Missip Valley, Ohio Valley, C Atl (MAP)
long drawers n pl • scattered, but chiefly SE, C Atl, seNY (MAP)
long jeans n pl • scattered, but esp C Atl, NEast (MAP)
longshat pine n • C Atl
low beam n • chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, West (MAP)
ma n A3 (pronc) • esp SC, C Atl (MAP)
marsh rabbit n 2 • chiefly C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
meat platter n • chiefly N Cent, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
monkey bite n 1 • chiefly CA, also C and S Atl (MAP)
mouth organ n 1 • widespread, but chiefly Inland Nth, C Atl; also S Atl, SW (MAP and Map Section)
*mumblety-peg n 2 • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl (MAP)
musquash n • chiefly C and N Atl, esp NEng
necessary n • scattered, but chiefly NEng, Mid and C Atl
newground n 1a • chiefly C and S Atl, Gulf States (MAP)
newsy adj • chiefly C Atl, esp PA
nigger pine n 1 • chiefly C and Mid Atl, sAppalachians
*out n F2a • scattered exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
oyster-cracker n 2 • C Atl
parlor n B1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent, NW (MAP)
pattypan squash n • scattered, but esp C Atl (MAP)
pavement n • scattered, but chiefly C Atl, esp sePA; also Gulf States
peanut heaven n • chiefly OH, PA, C Atl (MAP)
penknife n • chiefly N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
*picture show n • widespread, but less freq NEast, C Atl, Pacific (MAP)
pine barren n • C and S Atl
pipe, take the v phr • esp NYC, C Atl (MAP)
piss-a-bed n 1 • chiefly C and N Atl exc NEng (MAP)
plant v 3 • esp N and C Atl coast
pluck n 1 • esp NEast, C Atl
*Podunk n 1 • scattered, but less freq C and S Atl, West (MAP)
pooey exclam • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Upper MW; also C Atl (MAP)
*potluck meal n • widespread, but less freq Sth, C Atl, NY (MAP and Map Section)
powder room n • scattered, but more freq C Atl, Midl (MAP)
punk n2 2 • formerly chiefly N and C Atl; now esp PA (MAP)
railbird n • chiefly N and C Atl
rams n • chiefly C Atl (MAP)
*rattlesnake n 1 • widespread, but less freq Inland Nth, N Midl, C Atl (MAP)
reedbird n 1 • esp C Atl (MAP)
Robin Hood’s barn, go (all the way) around v phr • scattered, but chiefly Nth, N Midl, C Atl, WV (MAP)
rock n1 5 • chiefly Upper Missip and Ohio Valleys, C and S Atl (MAP)
rockfish n 1 • chiefly C and S Atl
rotten adj 1 • scattered, but esp C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
round potato n • esp C Atl
route n A1 (pronc) • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
route n B1 • chiefly NEast, WV, OH, IL, C Atl (MAP and Map Section)
rum-dum n 1 • scattered, but esp NEast, C Atl (MAP)
rummy n 1 • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
*running off (at the bowels) n • widespread exc NEast, C Atl, Gt Lakes (MAP)
saddle horse n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
sandburr n 1 • chiefly West, Upper MW, N Cent, C Atl
sandworm n • chiefly N and C Atl
sawmill, born in a adj phr • chiefly NEast, C Atl (MAP)
*scoot v 2 • widespread exc NEast, C Atl (MAP)
scrapple n • scattered, but chiefly Midl, esp PA, MD, C Atl (MAP)
sea foam n 1 • esp PA, Mid and C Atl, N Cent (MAP)
sheep burr n • scattered, but chiefly C and Mid Atl (MAP)
shell road n • chiefly C and S Atl, LA, seTX (MAP)
shoestring n 3 • chiefly NYC, C Atl (MAP)
shouting Methodist n • scattered, but esp C Atl, PA, OH, WV (MAP)
sickness n • scattered, but esp C and Mid Atl (MAP)
Charleston See South Carolina, Charleston
catoosa bass n • [Prob for Catoosa Co., Georgia, from the Cherokee language..]
conohany n • [Cherokee kanahena..]
conutchie n • [Cf Cherokee kanataluhi..]
cullowhee n • [Cherokee gûlâhí a plant..]
divide the blankets v phr • [In ref to a Cherokee wedding ceremony in which a couple carries two “united
blankets” to their new cabin]
sochan n • [Cherokee sochani]
stacey salad n • [Folk-etym for Cherokee ustesgi + salad]
talala bird n • [Cherokee talala woodpecker]
back fin n • Chesapeake Bay area
biter n 1 • Chesapeake Bay
booby owl n • Chesapeake Bay
brogan n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
buck net n • Chesapeake Bay
bugeye n2 • chiefly C Atl coast, esp Chesapeake Bay (MAP)
crab scrape n • Chesapeake Bay
doubler n 4 • Chesapeake Bay
float n 6 • Chesapeake Bay
imperial crab n • Chesapeake Bay area
jimmy n 3 • Chesapeake Bay, VA and NC coasts
lemon-belly n • Chesapeake Bay
log canoe n • Chesapeake Bay
maiden n • Chesapeake Bay
maulhead n 1 • Chesapeake Bay
mudlark v • Chesapeake Bay
oyster toad n • Chesapeake Bay
prog v 2 • chiefly Sth, S Midl, esp Chesapeake Bay
progger n • esp Chesapeake Bay
ram n 2 • Chesapeake Bay
rock n1 3 • esp Chesapeake Bay
scrape n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
scrape v B2 • Chesapeake Bay
scraper n1 2b • Chesapeake Bay
sea nettle n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sea-ore n • esp Chesapeake Bay
silk crab n • Chesapeake Bay MD
skipjack n 3 • esp Chesapeake Bay
slab n 4 • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
snowball n 4 • Chesapeake Bay
sook n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sponge crab n • Chesapeake Bay
stinging nettle n 2 • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
sugar toad n • Chesapeake Bay
tippet n • Chesapeake Bay
tongs n pl • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
water celery n 1 • esp Chesapeake Bay
waterman n • Chesapeake Bay
whale crab n • chiefly Chesapeake Bay
whitebelly n 3 • Chesapeake Bay
wop n2 • Chesapeake Bay
abasicky intj • Among children: naughty! Shame on you!
aunt n B3 • In Mormon polygamous families: the term of address used by children
ballow v • Among children: to lay claim to (something)
hockey n2, v • esp freq among children
it ain’t done it phr • esp freq among children
chink n3 • [Alter and abbr of Chinese ching-ching..]
crack seed n • [Chinese calque]
cumshaw n • [Chinese (Amoy) pidgin]
ginseng n • [Chinese jen2-shen1]
grub hyson n • [grub root + Chinese hyson a type of green tea]
wonder-of-the-world root n • [..a book name—once alleged to be a translation of the Chinese name—for
ginseng]
cha-muck-a-muck n • [Cf Chinook jargon muck-a-muck food]
cheechako n • [Chinook jargon]
chinook n B1 • compounded from..Chinook
chuck n4 • [Chinook jargon..]
chum salmon n • [?Chinook jargon tsum, tzum spots, writing]
cuitan n • [Chinook Jargon]
cultus adj • [Chinook Jargon]
eulachon n • [Chinook Jargon ulâkân]
geoduck n • [Chinook Jargon]
high-muck-a-muck n 1 • [Chinook Jargon hiu plenty + muckamuck food]
hiyu adj • [Chinook Jargon hiu plenty]
hump puss n • [Chinook humm opoots stinking tail]
icta n • [Chinook Jargon..]
killapie adj, n • [Chinook Jargon]
klootchman n • [Chinook Jargon “woman, female”]
memaloose adj, n • [Chinook Jargon memaloost < Chinook memalust to die, dead]
mowitch n • [Chinook Jargon]
muck-a-muck n • [Chinook Jargon]
potlatch n • [Chinook Jargon..]
potlatch v • [Chinook Jargon..]
salal n • [Chinook Jargon]
saltchuck n • [salt + Chinook Jargon chuck n4]
shallon n • [Of Chinook origin..]
Siwash n • [Chinook Jargon < CanFr sauvage an American Indian]
skeezicks n • [Cf 1863 Gibbs Chinook Jargon 23..]
skookum adj • [Chinook Jargon]
skookum chuck n • [Chinook Jargon < skookum adj + chuck n4]
soopolallie n • [Chinook Jargon]
tillicum n • [Chinook Jargon tilikum people < Chinook tilxam]
tolo n • [Cf..Chinook Jargon tolo to earn, win]
tyee n • [Chinook Jargon tyee a chief]
wapato n • [Chinook Jargon wappatoo..]
appaloosa n2 • [Prob from Choctaw apolusa ‘to be daubed,’ referring to the mottled appearance of the fish]
bashaw n • [..perh related to Choctaw basha “marked, a mark” in reference to the mottled skin..]
bayou n • [LaFr from Choctaw bayuk creek, river]
bobbasheely n • [Alter of Choctaw itibapishili my brother]
bogue n • [From Choctaw bog, bok creek, stream]
catawba n • [Choctaw katapa separated..]
chickee n1 • [Prob from Creek; perh akin to Choctaw chuka house]
sacalait n • [LaFr, by folk-etym..from Choctaw sakli..]
skully n1 • [Choctaw iskli a dime, a ninepence, a bit < escalin]
kamleika n • [Perh Chukchi kemlilyun]
Cincinnati See Ohio, Cincinnati
jib-jab v • [Perh clipped form of jibber-jabber..]
jim town n • [Perh clipped form of jimcrack shoddy, flimsy + town..]
jit n2 • [Clipped form of jitney n 1]
coalescence; coalescing (See also blend)
biddy n3 • [Prob coalescence of biddy n1 and beedie..]
bounce n • [Prob coalescence of Engl dial bonce a large marble, a marble game, and bounce v]
broadus n • [..perh by coalescence of brotta..(EDD) with AmSpan barata..]
bugger n1 • coalescence in form and sense of ME bougre heretic and bugge
crook n1 • [Prob alter of crick ..coalescing with Engl dial crook..]
cunner n2 • [Perh by coalescence of canoe, ult from Arawak, with Gullah ˈ kunu, ult Afr..]
cut one’s eyes v phr • [Prob coalescence of..cut to cleave, slash.. and cut-eye n, v]
abeam adj • coastal NEng
adrift adj • chiefly coastal NEng
afoul of prep • chiefly coastal NEng
all both pron • chiefly coastal SC
astern the lighter adj phr • coastal NEng, esp Nantucket
avast v • chiefly coastal NEng
back v 6 • Atlantic, esp coastal NEng
barvel n • NEng, esp coastal ME
bird n A1 (pronc) • esp coastal Sth, NYC, eNEng,
brass ankle n • chiefly coastal SC
buckra n • chiefly coastal SC and GA
bung up and bilge free adj phr • coastal NEng
cooter n (pronc) • coastal SC and GA,
deepwater adj • esp coastal ME
duff n 1 • chiefly coastal NEng
following ppl adj • chiefly coastal
grease n (pronc) • esp coastal SC, GA, FL
jigger n1 1 • coastal NEng
joe flogger n • coastal MS, ME
keel up v phr • esp coastal NEng
nubble n • esp coastal ME
one adv C1 • chiefly coastal SC
pony penning n • coastal VA, NC
quintal n • coastal NEng
rote n • coastal NEng
rut n • coastal NEng
salt grass n a(1) • chiefly coastal regions
she-crab soup n • coastal SC
sliver n, v B1 • coastal NEng
summer complaint n 2 • coastal ME, Cape Cod MA
tide walker n • coastal ME
blossom rock n • chiefly West, esp CO
buck fence n • now esp CO, WY
camp robber n • chiefly NW, CO (MAP)
cap n1 6 • chiefly West, esp CO
coney n1 1 • chiefly CO
dagwood n • scattered, but esp MN, IA, CO (MAP)
doney n1 • chiefly CO
go-dig n • CO
greaser n B1 • scattered, but esp SW, CO (MAP)
hole n 2 • NW, CO
mesa n 1 • chiefly West, esp SW, CO (MAP)
Mexican town n • chiefly TX, CO
miner’s consumption n • chiefly West, esp CA, NV, CO (MAP)
penco n • NM, sCO
Penitente n • NM, sCO
salt side n • esp CO
willow fly n 2 • West, esp CO (MAP)
Concise Ulster Dictionary See Ulster
alewife n (pronc) • esp in CT
angledog n • chiefly NEng, esp CT and swMA, and settlement areas
bag n B1 • chiefly NY, CT
bog meadow n • chiefly NEng, esp CT
box oyster n • CT, NY coast
business wagon n • CT
chickwit n • chiefly CT
cracky benders n • CT, RI
glawackus n • CT
heap n 2 • esp nAppalachians, CT (MAP)
lobber v • chiefly NEast, Gt Lakes, esp Upstate NY, CT, MI (MAP and Map Section)
merrywing n • esp CT
parkway n 1 • chiefly NEast, esp NY, CT, NJ (MAP)
pigsticker n 1 • esp wCT, wMA
poison alder n • CT
pole barn n • chiefly Missip-Ohio Valleys, Gt Lakes, Upstate NY, CT, Mid Atl (MAP)
pot cheese n • chiefly NY, NJ, nPA, CT (MAP)
pumpkinseed n 2 • CT
ripper n 2 • esp wMA, CT
round clam n • esp CT
setback n 2 • chiefly SE, Mid Atl, Appalachians, CT (MAP)
sproutland n • chiefly NEng, esp CT, MA
stump lot n • chiefly CT, MA, Upstate NY
tomato pie n • esp CT, NJ, NY, PA
tomcod n 2a1 • CT
topgallant n • chiefly wCT
tree border n • WI, CT
whinnering owl n • esp NY, NJ, CT
contemptuous (See also disparagement)
fofarraw n 1 • exclam to express contemptuous disagreement
abanded pple • [Contr of abandoned..]
abiselfa n • [Contr of a–by–itself–a..]
ain’t v1 • [Contr of am not, are not..]
ainna interrog exclam • [Contr of ain’t it..]
airn pron • [Contr of ary + one]
all’s pron • [Contr of all + as pron (+ that)]
cussadang exclam • [Appar a contr of cuss and dang]
d’ant v • [By contr]
dare v A4a • [Contractions of dare not, durst not, dared not..]
-en suff3 • [Pronc-spp for contr of on prep B1 of]
evern conj • [Prob contr of ever + and conj B1]
hain’t v • [Contr of has not, have not..]
he pron • the contracted form ’e for he
tain’t v2 • [Contr of it + ain’t v1]
twan’t v • [Contr of it was not]
accoutrements n pl • [EDD 1880, from wCornwall..]
attle n • [Cornish]
fitcher v • [OED 1865; appar a Cornish mining term]
flookan n • [Cornish dial]
gossan n • [Corn dial..]
logy adj 1 • [Cf EDD louggy, loogy “Tired, ‘fagged’; slow” (Corn dial)..] (MAP)
pridy adj • [Corn dial; cf EDD pridy adj. 1, 2]
scrod n • [Perh orig ppl adj < Corn dial scraw, scroe; cf EDD scraw v.2..]
water haul n • [Cf EDD watery-haul (at watery adj. 1.(1))..(Cornwall)] (MAP)
muskeg n • [CanEngl < Algonquian (Ojibway mashkig, Cree mashkek)]
pembina n • [CanFr pimbina < Cree nipiminân..]
pipsissewa n • [Cree..]
catalpa n • [Creek kutúhlpa winged head, in ref to the shape and marking of the flower]
chickee n1 • [Prob from Creek; perh akin to Choctaw chuka house]
already adv B3 • in creolized speech
be v B7b • the constr is creole (Gullah)
bimeby adv • [..widespread in pidgin and creole English of 17th cent and after]
broadus n • [..= Caribbean creole braata.. prob from Port barata..]
cut-eye n, v • [Caribbean Creole..]
day clean n • [..cf Fr Creole ju netye literally jour nettoyé day cleaned]
fam-fam n • [Creole redup form of Fr faim hunger]
for prep B2 • esp freq in Gullah, but also HI creole
gallop v • (cf Jamaican creole interpretation of develop as devel up..)
gris-gris n • [Fr creole, ult of Afr orig]
gumbo zab n • [Appar Creole Fr pronc-sp for gombo des herbes]
man n C2 • [..also characteristic of West Indian Creoles..]
pickaninny n • [W Afr and W Indian Creoles, of Span or Port origin; OED2 1657 ➝]
poppy show n • [..widespread in Caribbean and W Afr creoles..]
so till conj • [Creole Engl; cf DCEU so adv 7.10]
tell v C2b • HI creole
them pron B3 • esp Gullah, HI creole
too adv • chiefly Gullah; also HI Creole
wanga n • [Haitian Creole, ult of Afr orig]
zydeco n • [Appar < LaFr zaricot green beans..from the appearance of this word..in Creole folk songs]
Cuban Spanish See Spanish, Cuban
dyngus n • [Pol, Czech]
golumpki n pl • [..cf also Ukrainian and Czech hołub..]
houska (twist) n • [Czech houska bun, roll]
kolacky n • [Czech kolač < kolo wheel, circle] (MAP)